Wednesday, September 21, 2011

Wear Your Happy on Your Sleeve!


“You do an eclectic celebration of the dance!  You do Fosse Fosse Fosse Fosse Fosse!  You do Martha Graham Martha Graham, or Twyla, Twyla, Twyla, or Michael Kidde Michael Kidde Michael Kidde Michael Kidde, or Madonna, Madonna, Madonna, Madonna… but you keep it all inside.”
-Robin Williams in The Birdcage

…but why keep it all inside?  What’s the danger in singing out loud, in dancing through the streets, in telling your friends and family you love them?  It’s a sitcom staple for the quirkly, slightly socially inept to be “caught” doing a happy dance, for which he (as the character is most often male) is either relentlessly teased or cautioned against.  (“Don’t do the happy dance,” a female character often cautions her significant other, pre-empting his physical expression of his emotion.)

To be clear, I am not advocating for the open and unbridled expression of all emotions on a day-to-day, id-powered, feel-it-so-express-it kind of a basis.  Even if you’re having the kind of day that makes you very angry, or very sad, or very fearful or apprehensive, you need to be able to function.  You need to be able to go to work, and when a client or coworker asks how you’re doing, to answer with a functional, “fine, and you?”  If instead you respond that you’re livid because your boss just treated you unfairly and sometimes she pisses you off so much that you just want to set the building on fire while screaming unpleasant things about her family and upbringing… well, you may quickly find yourself out of a job.
Don’t get me wrong – it’s important to express these feelings.  It’s important to be able to talk about the very sad or infuriating things in your life, and to be able to discuss your worries about the future with your nearest and dearest.  Whether it’s a therapist or a friend you confide in, you have to get that stuff out too. 
But to function in the world, you can’t just let that stuff out in full force to whoever happens to be around you.  You can’t just walk around like an emotional autopsy in progress, all your anger and sadness and fear and frustration and bitterness hanging out of you like the liver of a murder suspect.  As a respected supervisor is fond of saying, you have to let those things out in appropriate ways and at appropriate times, and then when you go back out into the world, you have to “zip yourself up” so that you can be a functional member of society.

And I get that.  That makes sense.  But why happiness?  If you just found out you were approved for a loan and can buy your first house, or that you’re about to be a parent, or if you’re just in a great mood because your favorite song was on the radio, what’s the harm in telling the world?  Society tells us to “play it cool,” but I disagree.  I think happiness, positive thinking, and general goodwill are contagious.  I think if you’re so happy that you can’t contain it inside your body, do your happy dance.  Belt out a few notes.  Grin like your cheeks are trying to escape your face.  Look on the bright side without reservation or hesitation.
And if people look at you like you’re crazy… encourage them to give it a try too.  “The world,” inform them, “could use a little more happiness.”

Down with the Tyranny of the Shoulds!


                Karen Horney, a disciple of Sigmund Freud’s, referred to a concept called “The Tyranny of the Shoulds.”  Although she lived about a century ago, that concept is still quite relevant today, and in my perception, responsible for a lot of the sadness, frustration, anger, and anxiety that people feel.
                Many people go through their lives talking about what others should and should not do.  Even those of us who refrain from criticizing others have many “Shoulds,” conscious and unconscious, that dictate our daily actions.  A lot of these thoughts stem all the way from our childhoods, from messages we were given, deliberately or otherwise, by the people in our lives.
                Some Shoulds have very good reasons for existing in our lives.  “You should refrain from doing bodily harm to others” is an obvious example.  Also, “you should stop to make sure there’s no one coming the other direction when approaching a red octagon” and “you should brush your teeth”.  If you ignore these rules, you are likely to end up injuring someone, getting in a car accident, or losing your teeth to cavities and decay.
                Other Shoulds, however, are things we carry around with us as learned behaviors – things we never really question, and do simply because we should.  Many of these are smaller things.  For example, when I was growing up my father was fond of telling me I should put my socks on before my pants, or that I should shower and dress for the day before doing anything else.  While these are sound pieces of advice, and while he meant well, the real question is… why?
                Why does it matter if I put on my pants first?  Who will it hurt if I watch a Tivo’ed episode of The Simpsons before I change out of my pajamas on a Saturday with no plans or obligations?
                But there are deeper Shoulds too – things that don’t have to do with daily upkeep or habits.  There are Shoulds about who we should spend our time with, what we should aspire to, how we should whittle away our spare time.  Shoulds dictate appropriate conversational topics, career choices, the extent to which we express our thoughts and feelings to others, the ways in which we limit ourselves.
                Alex is told he should aspire to be a doctor, but he prefers English class to biology.
                Sara loves math, but has been told by her family that as a girl, she should be better at the humanities.
                Billy loves to sing, but has been discouraged from doing so by his parents, who think he should spend his time on something more “useful”.
                Joe is having strong feelings towards other men, but has been told that he should ignore them and try to be “normal”.
                All of these Shoulds are far more damaging than the order in which one puts on clothing, or even whether one stops when a sign indicates one should.
                If you are feeling depressed or angry in regards to a strong belief, I urge you to ask yourself some questions:

1.       What is the belief or “should” that I have that is being contradicted by what I feel is right?
2.       What is the purpose of this “should”?  Where did it come from?
3.       What would the consequence be if I chose to ignore this “should”?
4.       If there are no major consequences, how can I begin to take steps to overcome this “should”?

As a friend of mine astutely observed, “should” is a tricky word.  If you can overcome the Tyranny of the Shoulds, you may find that you feel much more at ease.

How I Became the Therapist I Am

                The vast majority of the issues on this blog are going to focus on the things I learn that I want to share with any readers who happen to stumble across my page.  But to set the stage, so to speak, I want to first address who I am and how I came to do what I do.

When I was seven years old, my friend Elise’s parents got divorced.  This affected Elise in a number of ways, so her parents made a mutual decision to send her to a therapist. 
My friendship with Elise was not one of deep confidence.  It was, instead, a friendship that involved playing the kinds of games typical to young girls – games that involved swing sets, Barbie dolls, and brightly-boxed board games.  Elise would choose the activity, set the parameters, and we would play accordingly.  Thus, you may not find it surprising that Elise did not confide deeply to me about her sessions with her therapist.
One day, however, I had a play date with Elise that coincided with her therapy appointment.  I went to the office with her and her mother, and was told to sit in the waiting room.  For about half an hour, I sat there, playing with toys and thumbing through old issues of Highlights Magazine.  Then Elise’s therapist came to the waiting room and asked if I would like to join them for the second half of the session.  I shrugged and obliged.
Once in the therapy office, we were given art supplies and encouraged to draw, play, and engage with each other and the therapist.  After a few minutes, the therapist asked us who made the rules in our friendship, and we quickly agreed that Elise did.  “What if,” the therapist suggested, “Jennifer got to make the rules one time?”
An electricity ran through me at the suggestion.  This was a whole new perspective I had never considered!  That night, I went home and told my mother that I wanted to see a therapist.  For the next several years, I insisted on this.  At about age 12, the request, no longer made to my mother, but rather to myself, shifted: “I want to become a therapist.” 

                This planted the seed, and as I grew older, I found that I was the kind of person people felt they could talk to.  I was decidedly nonjudgmental about the things people shared with me, and very good at remaining neutral and making people feel safe.  Because of this, I had a lot of very one-sided friendships.  People would talk to me, tell me their problems, and I would offer an ear, a lack of judgment, and, on occasion if solicited, advice or feedback. 
This became addicting – this being needed in that way – but much of the time, it wasn’t reciprocated.  If I needed someone to talk to, I often found I had nowhere to turn.
When my family suggested I see a therapist to deal with some of the “I’m an angsty adolescent and I’m a little bit maladjusted and need someone to talk to because I’m hormonal and crazy and everything makes me angry and I don’t know why” issues I was dealing with, I was strongly resistant.  I wasn’t crazy.  I didn’t need to talk to anyone. 
But I loved my therapist.  I loved that I could talk to her, and she wouldn’t judge me and she wouldn’t criticize me.  Once we got to know each other, she would occasionally challenge me.  But it seemed there were no bounds to what I could share with her.  I could tell her about my fears, my concerns, my feelings.  If I wanted to bring in a photo album and show her my friends, “sure, no problem.”  If I wanted to bring in my guitar and play her the new song I’d written, “absolutely, I’d love to hear it.” 
It wasn’t about receiving advice.  It wasn’t about quipping in the other 6 days and 23 hours of my week, “my therapist suggested I try…”  It was about having a safe space and unconditional positive regard.

Around the time I started seeing my therapist, I got a call from one of my fair-weather friends, Joel.  He lived across the country, in Florida, and he was a deeply troubled person.  When I answered the phone, Joel told me that he was planning to tie a plastic bag over his head before he went to sleep and commit suicide by asphyxiation.  I asked if he’d spoken to his parents about this, and he said he had and they didn’t care.  He said he just wanted to let me know he was planning to do this, and to say goodbye.
I paced back and forth.  I hyperventilated.  Finally, I confided in my mother.  She told me – no argument allowed – that I needed to call a suicide hotline and tell them what Joel had just told me. 
“But what if he’s angry?” I asked.  “What if he hates me for it?”
“You have to do it,” she said.  She was very rarely this insistent about anything.  “If you do, he might hate you.  But if you don’t, he might kill himself.”
I called the hotline.  They sent a psychiatric intervention team to Joel’s home.  In California, they call it a 5150.  In Massachusetts, they call it a Section 12.  I have no idea what they call it in Florida, but I do know that Joel was involuntarily hospitalized for 72 hours.  His parents were furious, and they called threatening me and my parents.
Two weeks later, Joel called and thanked me.  He sounded humbled and tired, and maybe a little bit medicated.  But he was alive, and he was grateful.
I relay this story not because I think I did anything particularly heroic, but because it was my first taste of a number of things – of helping someone in a serious, long-lasting way; of the idea that just because someone wants something doesn’t mean it’s what’s right for them; of how one person really can make a difference in another person’s life, just by caring enough to be attentive and proactive.

When I finished college, I said I was sick of school, that I was never going back.  But something in me needed to be a therapist.  I needed to follow this dream and this helping instinct that I’d had ever since being dragged into Elise’s session.  So I applied to graduate school and was admitted to California State University, Northridge’s school of Educational Psychology and Counseling with an emphasis on Marriage and Family Therapy.

So that’s the story of how and why I became a therapist.  But it doesn’t explain how I became strength-based and so focused on empowerment.  It doesn’t explain why I’m the kind of therapist I am.
                My graduate school advisor and thesis chair, Stan Charnofsky, had this theory that we become the kind of therapist that reflects our childhood.  Often, sitting in my classes and listening to the other therapists-to-be telling the tales of their broken families, their tragic childhoods, I had the impression that I was not “broken” enough to become a therapist. 
                But I sat in my classes, and I listened to what my classmates had to say.
                “I grew up around gang violence, so I really want to work with an underprivileged population to empower the youth in those neighborhoods to have bright futures.”
                “I was 7 when my mother died.  It’s hard growing up with just one parent.  I want to reach out to grief-afflicted clients.”
                “When my brother had his first manic episode, none of us knew what it was.  I always looked up to him, and suddenly he was erratic and wild and unpredictable.  When his mania ended in his hospitalization, our family learned a lot about bipolar disorder.  So I want to help families afflicted by severe mental illness.”

I had no trauma.  I grew up in a functional nuclear upper-middle-class family with a mother and father who loved each other.  I had one younger sister.  We both went to private school.  Neither of us really wanted for anything. 
Sure, my adolescence was an angsty one, and I had some social problems, but my upbringing was right out of a right-wing “save the traditional family” ad.  (Not that I believe in the “traditional” family.  I absolutely don’t.  Did you know that only 25% of households with children under 18 consist of a woman, a man, and their biological child or children?  So much for that being the “norm”!  But I digress.)
I tell you this not to garner sympathy of the “oh, poor Jennie, she had a great childhood” variety, but to explain where I come from in my work and in my writing.  I believe in empowerment because my parents taught me to believe in myself.  I believe that no matter where people come from, they’re worth something, because my family taught me about the inherent “goodness” in me, even if I made choices that were not the best.  I believe in focusing on a client’s positive qualities, because I learned, as my family pressed me to make the most of my strengths, that that’s where positive change comes from.
It’s like Dr. Charnofsky said: I’m the therapist I am due largely to the kind of upbringing I had.  I like it because it’s positive, and because I think it works.
I hope that now you have a better understanding of how I got here and where my ideas and philosophies come from throughout the rest of this blog.